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Quran 9:113-115

It is not ˹proper˺ for the Prophet and the believers to seek forgiveness for the polytheists, even if they were close relatives, after it has become clear to the believers that they are bound for the Hellfire. As for Abraham’s prayer for his father’s forgiveness, it was only in fulfilment of a promise he had made to him. But when it became clear to Abraham that his father was an enemy of Allah, he broke ties with him. Abraham was truly tender-hearted, forbearing. Allah would never consider a people deviant after He has guided them, until He makes clear to them what they must avoid. Surely Allah has ˹full˺ knowledge of everything. Quran: 9:113~115 Surah at-Taubah (Repentance)
The name of the surah, at-Taubah is derived from ت و ب and it occurs 87 times in the Quran. Interestingly, this surah has the highest usage of the words derived from ت و ب compared to all other surahs – it is used 17 times.
In Ayat 118, occurs the case of the three companions whom Allah turned to and accepted their tawbah to Him – those who had abstained from joining the Jihad at the Battle of Tabuk.
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مَا كَانَ لِلنَّبِیِّ وَٱلَّذِینَ ءَامَنُوۤا۟ أَن یَسۡتَغۡفِرُوا۟ لِلۡمُشۡرِكِینَ وَلَوۡ كَانُوۤا۟ أُو۟لِی قُرۡبَىٰ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَا تَبَیَّنَ لَهُمۡ أَنَّهُمۡ أَصۡحَـٰبُ ٱلۡجَحِیمِ وَمَا كَانَ ٱسۡتِغۡفَارُ إِبۡرَ ٰهِیمَ لِأَبِیهِ إِلَّا عَن مَّوۡعِدَةࣲ وَعَدَهَاۤ إِیَّاهُ فَلَمَّا تَبَیَّنَ لَهُۥۤ أَنَّهُۥ عَدُوࣱّ لِّلَّهِ تَبَرَّأَ مِنۡهُۚ إِنَّ إِبۡرَ ٰهِیمَ لَأَوَّ ٰهٌ حَلِیمࣱ وَمَا كَانَ ٱللَّهُ لِیُضِلَّ قَوۡمَۢا بَعۡدَ إِذۡ هَدَىٰهُمۡ حَتَّىٰ یُبَیِّنَ لَهُم مَّا یَتَّقُونَۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِكُلِّ شَیۡءٍ عَلِیمٌ
This is the only Sūrah of the Qur’ān to which ‘In the Name of God, Most Gracious Most Merciful’ is not prefixed. Though the commentators have given different reasons for this, the correct one that which has been given by Imām Razi: namely this is because the Prophet himself did not dictate it at the beginning of the Sūrah. Therefore the Companions did not prefix it and their successors followed them. This is a further proof of the fact that utmost care has been taken to keep the Qur’ān intact so that it should remain in its complete and original form.
پیغمبر اور مسلمانوں کو شایاں نہیں کہ جب ان پر ظاہر ہوگیا کہ مشرک اہل دوزخ ہیں۔ تو ان کے لیے بخشش مانگیں گو وہ ان کے قرابت دار ہی ہوں اور ابراہیم کا اپنے باپ کے لیے بخشش مانگنا تو ایک وعدے کا سبب تھا جو وہ اس سے کر چکے تھے۔ لیکن جب ان کو معلوم ہوگیا کہ وہ خدا کا دشمن ہے تو اس سے بیزار ہوگئے۔ کچھ شک نہیں کہ ابراہیم بڑے نرم دل اور متحمل تھے اور خدا ایسا نہیں کہ کسی قوم کو ہدایت دینے کے بعد گمراہ کر دے جب تک کہ ان کو وہ چیز نہ بتا دے جس سے وہ پرہیز کریں۔ بےشک خدا ہر چیز سے واقف ہے
The basic subjects of the Surah are: The non-believers who broke their treaties, Muslims have no obligation to honor treaties with them. Muslims must protect themselves from hypocrisy, weak faith and negligence. Battle of Tabuk and its lessons.
Sections:
Proclamation that the Treaty of Hudaibiyah is cancelled.
Honor the treaties with those who honor them. Fight with those who have broken the treaty.
Mushrikin are forbidden to be the caretakers of the Masjid al-Haram.
Muslims should trust Allah, not just their numbers.
Jews and Christians also committed Shirk. Command to spend in the path of Allah. The correct number of months.
The Tabuk expedition.
Those who stayed behind and did not participate in the Battle of Tabuk, hypocrites and weak in faith.
The proper distribution of charity. Those who speak ill of the Prophet or make fun of Allah and His Book.
The hypocrite men and women.
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Quran 57:4~5

He is the One Who created the heavens and the earth in six Days, then established Himself on the Throne. He knows whatever goes into the earth and whatever comes out of it, and whatever descends from the sky and whatever ascends into it. And He is with you wherever you are. For Allah is All-Seeing of what you do. To Him belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth. And to Allah all matters are returned. Quran 57:4~5 Surah al-Hadid (The Iron)
This Surah takes its name from the Ayat, وَأَنزَلْنَا الْحَدِيدَ فِيهِ بَأْسٌ شَدِيدٌ “…And We sent down iron, wherein is great military might …” (57:25).
There are 29 Ayat in this Surah.
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هُوَ ٱلَّذِی خَلَقَ ٱلسَّمَـٰوَ ٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ فِی سِتَّةِ أَیَّامࣲ ثُمَّ ٱسۡتَوَىٰ عَلَى ٱلۡعَرۡشِۖ یَعۡلَمُ مَا یَلِجُ فِی ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا یَخۡرُجُ مِنۡهَا وَمَا یَنزِلُ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَاۤءِ وَمَا یَعۡرُجُ فِیهَاۖ وَهُوَ مَعَكُمۡ أَیۡنَ مَا كُنتُمۡۚ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ بَصِیرࣱ لَّهُۥ مُلۡكُ ٱلسَّمَـٰوَ ٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ وَإِلَى ٱللَّهِ تُرۡجَعُ ٱلۡأُمُورُ
The theme of this Surah is to exhort the Muslims to spend in the cause of God. At the most critical juncture of the history of Islam when it was engaged in a life and death struggle against Arab paganism, this Surah was revealed to persuade the Muslim’s to make monetary sacrifices in particular, and to make them realise that Islam did not merely consist in verbal affirmation and some outward practices but its essence and spirit is sincerity towards God and His Religion. The faith of the one who was devoid of this spirit and who regarded his own self and wealth as dearer to himself than God and His Religion, was hollow and therefore of little worth in the sight of God. For this object, first the attributes of God Almighty have been mentioned so that the listeners may fully realize as to Who is addressing them.
وہی ہے جس نے آسمانوں اور زمین کو چھ دن میں پیدا کیا پھر عرش پر جا ٹھہرا۔ جو چیز زمین میں داخل ہوتی اور جو اس سے نکلتی ہے اور جو آسمان سے اُترتی اور جو اس کی طرف چڑھتی ہے سب اس کو معلوم ہے۔ اور تم جہاں کہیں ہو وہ تمہارے ساتھ ہے۔ اور جو کچھ تم کرتے ہو خدا اس کو دیکھ رہا ہے آسمانوں اور زمین کی بادشاہی اسی کی ہے۔ اور سب امور اسی کی طرف رجوع ہوتے ہیں
Sections:
All knowledge and authority belongs to God. Have faith in Allah’s power, make sacrifice and give charity for the cause of truth.
Light and Life are for the Believers. The disbelievers walk in darkness. Warning to those who refuse to acknowledge Allah. Sincere in faith are those who are willing to sacrifice and help the poor and needy..
The life of this world is temporary. Compete with each other in doing good things to receive the eternal reward from Allah. Prophets were sent to establish justice with authority.
References to Prophets Noah, Ibrahim, and Jesus -peace be upon them all. All Prophets preached same message, but some of their followers went into extremes. The Christians thus invented monasticism for themselves. It was not commanded by God. The Believers are asked to have faith and walk in the light of Allah. The final success belongs to the Believers.
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Quran 30:48~50

It is Allah Who sends the winds, which then stir up ˹vapour, forming˺ clouds, which He then spreads out in the sky or piles up into masses as He wills, from which you see rain come forth. Then as soon as He causes it to fall on whoever He wills of His servants, they rejoice, although they had utterly lost hope just before it was sent down to them. See then the impact of Allah’s mercy: how He gives life to the earth after its death! Surely That ˹same God˺ can raise the dead. For He is Most Capable of everything. Quran 30:48~50 Surah ar-Rum (The Romans)
30th chapter of the Quran, consists of 60 versesThis Surah is named after the ‘Romans’ –
The word ‘Roman’ is mentioned only in this Surah in the Qur’an.
There are 60 Ayat in this Surah.
ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِی یُرۡسِلُ ٱلرِّیَـٰحَ فَتُثِیرُ سَحَابࣰا فَیَبۡسُطُهُۥ فِی ٱلسَّمَاۤءِ كَیۡفَ یَشَاۤءُ وَیَجۡعَلُهُۥ كِسَفࣰا فَتَرَى ٱلۡوَدۡقَ یَخۡرُجُ مِنۡ خِلَـٰلِهِۦۖ فَإِذَاۤ أَصَابَ بِهِۦ مَن یَشَاۤءُ مِنۡ عِبَادِهِۦۤ إِذَا هُمۡ یَسۡتَبۡشِرُونَ وَإِن كَانُوا۟ مِن قَبۡلِ أَن یُنَزَّلَ عَلَیۡهِم مِّن قَبۡلِهِۦ لَمُبۡلِسِینَ فَٱنظُرۡ إِلَىٰۤ ءَاثَـٰرِ رَحۡمَتِ ٱللَّهِ كَیۡفَ یُحۡیِ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ بَعۡدَ مَوۡتِهَاۤۚ إِنَّ ذَ ٰلِكَ لَمُحۡیِ ٱلۡمَوۡتَىٰۖ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَیۡءࣲ قَدِیرࣱ
The Surah reminds us that Allah is in control of everything. Those who are short sighted they see only what is apparent but they do not realize that there is a Creator and Master of this whole universe and it is He who is governing everything.
Final decision is in Allah’s hand. The Akhirah will take place and the truth will prevail.
خدا ہی تو ہے جو ہواؤں کو چلاتا ہے تو وہ بادل کو اُبھارتی ہیں۔ پھر خدا اس کو جس طرح چاہتا ہے آسمان میں پھیلا دیتا اور تہ بتہ کر دیتا ہے پھر تم دیکھتے ہو کہ اس کے بیچ میں سے مینھہ نکلنے لگتا ہے پھر جب وہ اپنے بندوں میں سے جن پر چاہتا ہے اُسے برسا دیتا ہے تو وہ خوش ہو جاتے ہیں اور بیشتر تو وہ مینھہ کے اُترنے سے پہلے نااُمید ہو رہے تھے تو (اے دیکھنے والے) خدا کی رحمت کی نشانیوں کی طرف دیکھ کہ وہ کس طرح زمین کو اس کے مرنے کے بعد زندہ کرتا ہے۔ بیشک وہ مردوں کو زندہ کرنے والا ہے۔ اور وہ ہر چیز پر قادر ہے
Sections:
The defeat of the Romans and then later their victory is foretold.
Creation and Resurrection belong to Allah. Glorify Allah at different times of the day.
The signs of Allah in nature.
The true religion corresponds and enhances the nature. Teachings of the religion of nature: tawhid, care of the family and relatives, economic justice and charity.
Corruption caused by human beings. Evidence of corruption in history. Evidence of resurrection in nature.
The Day of Resurrection.
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Quran 6:42~45

Indeed, We have sent messengers before you ˹O Prophet˺ to other people who We put through suffering and adversity ˹for their denial˺, so perhaps they would be humbled. Why did they not humble themselves when We made them suffer? Instead, their hearts were hardened, and Satan made their misdeeds appealing to them.
When they became oblivious to warnings, We showered them with everything they desired. But just as they became prideful of what they were given, We seized them by surprise, then they instantly fell into despair! So the wrongdoers were utterly uprooted. And all praise is for Allah— Lord of all worlds. Quran 6:42~45 Surah al-An`am (Livestock)
Al-An’am (Arabic: ٱلأنعام, al-ʾanʿām; meaning: The Cattle) is the sixth chapter (sūrah) of the Quran, with 165 verses (āyāt).
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وَلَقَدۡ أَرۡسَلۡنَاۤ إِلَىٰۤ أُمَمࣲ مِّن قَبۡلِكَ فَأَخَذۡنَـٰهُم بِٱلۡبَأۡسَاۤءِ وَٱلضَّرَّاۤءِ لَعَلَّهُمۡ یَتَضَرَّعُونَ فَلَوۡلَاۤ إِذۡ جَاۤءَهُم بَأۡسُنَا تَضَرَّعُوا۟ وَلَـٰكِن قَسَتۡ قُلُوبُهُمۡ وَزَیَّنَ لَهُمُ ٱلشَّیۡطَـٰنُ مَا كَانُوا۟ یَعۡمَلُونَ فَلَمَّا نَسُوا۟ مَا ذُكِّرُوا۟ بِهِۦ فَتَحۡنَا عَلَیۡهِمۡ أَبۡوَ ٰبَ كُلِّ شَیۡءٍ حَتَّىٰۤ إِذَا فَرِحُوا۟ بِمَاۤ أُوتُوۤا۟ أَخَذۡنَـٰهُم بَغۡتَةࣰ فَإِذَا هُم مُّبۡلِسُونَ فَقُطِعَ دَابِرُ ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلَّذِینَ ظَلَمُوا۟ۚ وَٱلۡحَمۡدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ ٱلۡعَـٰلَمِینَ
This surah dwells on such themes as the clear signs of Allah’s Dominion and Power, rejecting polytheism and unbelief, the establishment of Tawhid (pure monotheism), the Revelation, Messengership, and Resurrection.
تم سے پہلے بہت سی قوموں کی طرف ہم نے رسول بھیجے اور اُن قوموں کو مصائب و آلام میں مبتلا کیا تاکہ وہ عاجزی کے ساتھ ہمارے سامنے جھک جائیں پس جب ہماری طرف سے ان پر سختی آئی تو کیوں نہ انہوں نے عاجزی اختیار کی؟ مگر ان کے دل تو اور سخت ہوگئے اور شیطان نے ان کو اطمینان دلایا کہ جو کچھ تم کر رہے ہو خوب کر رہے ہو
پھر جب انہوں نے اس نصیحت کو، جو انہیں کی گئی تھی، بھلا دیا تو ہم نے ہر طرح کی خوشحالیوں کے دروازے ان کے لیے کھول دیے، یہاں تک کہ جب وہ اُن بخششوں میں جو انہیں عطا کی گئی تھیں خوب مگن ہوگئے تو اچانک ہم نے انہیں پکڑ لیا اور اب حال یہ تھا کہ وہ ہر خیر سے مایوس تھے اس طرح ان لوگوں کی جڑ کاٹ کر رکھ دی گئی جنہوں نے ظلم کیا تھا اور تعریف ہے اللہ رب العالمین کے لیے (کہ اس نے ان کی جڑ کاٹ دی)
Paying attention carefully to the contents of the verses of this Surah can remove the soul of hypocrisy and disperse from among Muslims, and cause the ears to be hearing, the eyes to be clear-sighted, and the hearts (minds) to be knowledgeable.
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Quran 82:6~12

O humanity! What has emboldened you against your Lord, the Most Generous, Who created you, fashioned you, and perfected your design, moulding you in whatever form He willed? But no! In fact, you deny the ˹final˺ Judgment, while you are certainly observed by vigilant, honourable angels, recording ˹everything˺. They know whatever you do Quran 82:6~12 Surah al-Infitar (Bursting Apart)
The Surah takes its name from the first Ayat, إِذَا السَّمَاءُ انفَطَرَتْ “When the sky breaks apart” [81:1]
There are 19 Ayat in this Surah.
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يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلْإِنسَـٰنُ مَا غَرَّكَ بِرَبِّكَ ٱلْكَرِيمِ ٱلَّذِى خَلَقَكَ فَسَوَّىٰكَ فَعَدَلَكَ فِىٓ أَىِّ صُورَةٍ مَّا شَآءَ رَكَّبَكَ كَلَّا بَلْ تُكَذِّبُونَ بِٱلدِّينِ وَإِنَّ عَلَيْكُمْ لَحَـٰفِظِينَ كِرَامًا كَـٰتِبِينَ يَعْلَمُونَ مَا تَفْعَلُونَ
The Surah reminds the human being that Allah has given them a wonderful proportionate shape, but they and the whole universe are totally dependent upon Allah. The creation has a purpose and the Day of Judgment will come.
اے انسان، کس چیز نے تجھے اپنے اُس رب کریم کی طرف سے دھوکے میں ڈال دیا جس نے تجھے پیدا کیا، تجھے نک سک سے درست کیا، تجھے متناسب بنایا اور جس صورت میں چاہا تجھ کو جوڑ کر تیار کیا؟ ہرگز نہیں، بلکہ (اصل بات یہ ہے کہ) تم لوگ جزا و سزا کو جھٹلاتے ہو حالانکہ تم پر نگراں مقرر ہیں ایسے معزز کاتب جو تمہارے ہر فعل کو جانتے ہیں
the central theme of this chapter is the Day of Judgments including the events preceding it and those that will happen within it like the end of the world, fates of the good and evil doers, the recording of deeds as well topics like man’s arrogance and in contrast, God’s Lordship and beneficence.
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Quran 87:1~5

Glorify the Name of your Lord, the Most High, Who created and ˹perfectly˺ fashioned ˹all˺, and Who ordained precisely and inspired accordingly, and Who brings forth ˹green˺ pasture, then reduces it to withered chaff. . Quran 87:1~5 al-A`la (The Most High)
The Surah takes its name from the first Ayat, سَبِّحِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ الْأَعْلَى
“Exalt the name of your Lord, the Most High,” [87:1]
There are 19 Ayat in this Surah.
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۞ سَبِّحِ ٱسۡمَ رَبِّكَ ٱلۡأَعۡلَى ٱلَّذِی خَلَقَ فَسَوَّىٰ وَٱلَّذِی قَدَّرَ فَهَدَىٰ وَٱلَّذِیۤ أَخۡرَجَ ٱلۡمَرۡعَىٰ فَجَعَلَهُۥ غُثَاۤءً أَحۡوَىٰ
The Surah speaks about the praise of Allah the Most High. He created everything. He created the human being and gave him capacity to make progress. Man can make progress if he obeys Allah’s rules. The Qur’an is the message from Allah and He will guard it. The Prophet should continue giving the message to others. Those who accept it will benefit from it, but those who will reject it they will be the losers. It talks about the ‘Akhirah and that this message is the same that was given to Prophets Ibrahim and Moses.
(اے نبیؐ) اپنے رب برتر کے نام کی تسبیح کرو جس نے پیدا کیا اور تناسب قائم کیا جس نے تقدیر بنائی پھر راہ دکھائی جس نے نباتات اگائیں پھر اُن کو خشک سیاہ کردیا
This short Surah contains three themes. Monotheism (Tawhid), instructions to the Prophet and the Hereafter. In the first verse, the doctrine of Monotheism has been compressed into a single sentence, saying that God’s name should be glorified and exalted, i.e. He should not be remembered by any name which might reflect a deficiency, fault, weakness, or an aspect of likeness, with created beings, for the root of all false creeds in the world are wrong concepts about God, which assumed the form of an erroneous name for His glorious and exalted Being. Therefore, for the correction of the creed, the primary thing is that God Almighty should be remembered only by the beautiful names which suit and befit Him. In the next three verses, it has been said: “Your Lord, glorification of Whose name is being enjoined, is He Who created everything in the Universe, proportioned it, set it a destiny, taught it to perform the function for which it is created, you witness this manifestation of His power day and night, that He creates vegetation on the earth as well as reduces it to mere rubbish. No other being has the power to bring about spring nor the power to prevent autumn.”
Then, in the following two verses, the Prophet is being consoled, “Do not worry as to how you will remember word for word the Qur’an that is being revealed to you. It is for Us to preserve it in your memory, and its preservation is not in any way the result of any excellence in you but the result of Our bounty and favour, otherwise if We so will, We can cause you to forget it.”
Then, the Prophet has been told: “You have not been made responsible to bring everyone on to the right path; your only duty is to convey the truth, and the simplest way of conveying the truth is that admonition be given to him who is inclined to listen to the admonition and accept it, and the one who is not inclined to it, should not be pursued. The one who fears the evil consequences of deviation and falsehood, will listen to the truth and accept it, and the wretched one who avoids listening to and accepting it, will himself see his evil end.”
The discourse has been summed up, saying: “Success is only for those who adopt purity of belief, morals and deed, and remember the name of their Lord and perform the Prayer.
But, on the contrary, the people are wholly lost in seeking the ease, benefits and pleasures of the world, whereas they should actually endeavor for their well being in the Hereafter, for the world is transitory and the Hereafter everlasting and the blessings of the Hereafter are far better than the blessings of the world. This truth has not been expressed only in the Qur’an but in the books of the Prophets Abraham and Moses too, it had been brought to the notice of man.
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Quran 86:1~4

By the heaven and the nightly star ! And what will make you realize what the nightly star is ? ˹It is˺ the star of piercing brightness. There is no soul without a vigilant angel ˹recording everything˺. Quran 86:1~4 at-Tariq (The Morning Star, The Nightcomer)
The Surah takes its name from the first Ayat, وَالسَّمَاءِ وَالطَّارِقِ “By the sky and the night comer -” [86:1]
There are 17 Ayat in this Surah.
click the button above to listen to the recitation of these Quranic verses again
وَٱلسَّمَاۤءِ وَٱلطَّارِقِ وَمَاۤ أَدۡرَىٰكَ مَا ٱلطَّارِقُ ٱلنَّجۡمُ ٱلثَّاقِبُ إِن كُلُّ نَفۡسࣲ لَّمَّا عَلَیۡهَا حَافِظࣱ
Every thing in this universe is working under the protection and supervision of Allah.
The creation of human beings as well as the creation of this universe is not a joke.
The creation is a serious work of Allah and so is His word, the Qur’an.
قسم ہے آسمان کی اور رات کو نمودار ہونے والے کی اور تم کیا جانو کہ وہ رات کو نمودار ہونے والا کیا ہے؟ وہ تارا ہے چمکنے والا کوئی جان ایسی نہیں ہے جس کے اوپر کوئی نگہبان نہ ہو
It discuses two themes:
first, that man has to appear before God after death;
second, that the Qur’an is a decisive Word which no plan or device of the disbelievers can defeat or frustrate