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Quran 77:1~13 (Ayah al-Mursalat)

By those ˹winds˺ sent forth successively, and those blowing violently, and those scattering ˹rainclouds˺ widely! And ˹by˺ those ˹angels˺ fully distinguishing ˹truth from falsehood˺, and those delivering revelation, ending excuses and giving warnings. Surely, what you are promised will come to pass. So when the stars are put out, and the sky is torn apart, and the mountains are blown away, and the messengers’ time ˹to testify˺ comes up—for which Day has all this been set? For the Day of ˹Final˺ Decision! Quran 77:1~13 Surah al-Mursalat (Winds Sent Forth)
The Surah takes its name from the first Ayat, وَالْمُرْسَلَاتِ عُرْفًا “By those [winds] sent forth in gusts” [77:1].
There are 50 Ayat in this Surah.
وَٱلۡمُرۡسَلَـٰتِ عُرۡفࣰا فَٱلۡعَـٰصِفَـٰتِ عَصۡفࣰا وَٱلنَّـٰشِرَ ٰتِ نَشۡرࣰا فَٱلۡفَـٰرِقَـٰتِ فَرۡقࣰا فَٱلۡمُلۡقِیَـٰتِ ذِكۡرًا عُذۡرًا أَوۡ نُذۡرًا إِنَّمَا تُوعَدُونَ لَوَ ٰقِعࣱ فَإِذَا ٱلنُّجُومُ طُمِسَتۡ وَإِذَا ٱلسَّمَاۤءُ فُرِجَتۡ وَإِذَا ٱلۡجِبَالُ نُسِفَتۡ وَإِذَا ٱلرُّسُلُ أُقِّتَتۡ لِأَیِّ یَوۡمٍ أُجِّلَتۡ لِیَوۡمِ ٱلۡفَصۡلِ ‏
In the previous Surah it was mentioned how the Believers receive the moral and spiritual perfection, now in this Surah it is mentioned how the rejecters of the truth have their downfall and are destroyed.
قسم ہے اُن (ہواؤں) کی جو پے در پے بھیجی جاتی ہیں پھر طوفانی رفتار سے چلتی ہیں اور (بادلوں کو) اٹھا کر پھیلاتی ہیں پھر (اُن کو) پھاڑ کر جدا کرتی ہیں پھر (دلوں میں خدا کی) یاد ڈالتی ہیں عذر کے طور پر یا ڈراوے کے طور پر جس چیز کا تم سے وعدہ کیا جا رہا ہے وہ ضرور واقع ہونے والی ہے پھر جب ستارے ماند پڑ جائیں گے اور آسمان پھاڑ دیا جائے گا اور پہاڑ دھنک ڈالے جائیں گے اور رسولوں کی حاضری کا وقت آ پہنچے گا (اس روز وہ چیز واقع ہو جائے گی) کس روز کے لیے یہ کام اٹھا رکھا گیا ہے؟ فیصلے کے روز کے لیے
Its theme is to affirm the Resurrection and Hereafter and to warn the people of the consequences which will ultimately follow the denial and the affirmation of these truths. In the first seven verses, the system of winds has been presented as an evidence of the truth that the Resurrection which is being foretold by the Qur’an and the Prophet Muhammad must come to pass. The reasoning is that the power of All-Mighty God Who established this wonderful system on the earth, cannot be helpless in bringing about the Resurrection and the express wisdom which underlies this system bears full evidence that the Hereafter must appear, for no act of an All-Wise Creator can be vain and purposeless, and if there was no Hereafter, it would mean that the whole of one’s life was useless and absurd.
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Quran 54:9~16 (Ayah al-Qamar)

Before them, the people of Noah denied ˹the truth˺ and rejected Our servant, calling ˹him˺ insane. And he was intimidated. So he cried out to his Lord, “I am helpless, so help ˹me˺!” So We opened the gates of the sky with pouring rain, and caused the earth to burst with springs, so the waters met for a fate already set. We carried him on that ˹Ark made˺ of planks and nails, sailing under Our ˹watchful˺ Eyes— a ˹fair˺ punishment on behalf of the one ˹they˺ denied. We certainly left this as a sign. So is there anyone who will be mindful? Then how ˹dreadful˺ were My punishment and warnings! Quran 54:9~16 Surah al-Qamar (The Moon)
This Surah takes its name from the first Ayat,
اقْتَرَبَتِ السَّاعَةُ وَانشَقَّ الْقَمَرُ
“The Hour has come near, and the moon has split [in two].” (54:1).
Surah al-Qamar is in the 27th Juzz and the word Qamar [moon] appears in the Qur’an 27 times.
An interesting observation is that the Moon orbits the Earth every 27 days.
There are 55 Ayat in this Surah.
۞ كَذَّبَتۡ قَبۡلَهُمۡ قَوۡمُ نُوحࣲ فَكَذَّبُوا۟ عَبۡدَنَا وَقَالُوا۟ مَجۡنُونࣱ وَٱزۡدُجِرَ فَدَعَا رَبَّهُۥۤ أَنِّی مَغۡلُوبࣱ فَٱنتَصِرۡ فَفَتَحۡنَاۤ أَبۡوَ ٰبَ ٱلسَّمَاۤءِ بِمَاۤءࣲ مُّنۡهَمِرࣲ وَفَجَّرۡنَا ٱلۡأَرۡضَ عُیُونࣰا فَٱلۡتَقَى ٱلۡمَاۤءُ عَلَىٰۤ أَمۡرࣲ قَدۡ قُدِرَ وَحَمَلۡنَـٰهُ عَلَىٰ ذَاتِ أَلۡوَ ٰحࣲ وَدُسُرࣲ تَجۡرِی بِأَعۡیُنِنَا جَزَاۤءࣰ لِّمَن كَانَ كُفِرَ وَلَقَد تَّرَكۡنَـٰهَاۤ ءَایَةࣰ فَهَلۡ مِن مُّدَّكِرࣲ فَكَیۡفَ كَانَ عَذَابِی وَنُذُرِ
The Surah talks about the approaching Day of Judgment. It describes some of the scenes of that Day.
It also tells us that Allah’s judgment may come here and now.
There are references to the flood that came at the time of Prophet Noah, the punishment of the people of ‘Ad, Thamud, People of Prophet Lot, the Pharaoh and his people.
It ends with the good news for the Believers who will be near their Lord in the gardens of bliss.
ان سے پہلے نوحؑ کی قوم نے بھی تکذیب کی تھی تو انہوں نے ہمارے بندے کو جھٹلایا اور کہا کہ دیوانہ ہے اور انہیں ڈانٹا بھی تو انہوں نے اپنے پروردگار سے دعا کی کہ (بار الٓہا) میں (ان کے مقابلے میں) کمزور ہوں تو (ان سے) بدلہ لے پس ہم نے زور کے مینہ سے آسمان کے دہانے کھول دیئے اور زمین میں چشمے جاری کردیئے تو پانی ایک کام کے لئے جو مقدر ہوچکا تھا جمع ہوگیا اور ہم نے نوحؑ کو ایک کشتی پر جو تختوں اور میخوں سے تیار کی گئی تھی سوار کرلیا وہ ہماری آنکھوں کے سامنے چلتی تھی۔ (یہ سب کچھ) اس شخص کے انتقام کے لئے (کیا گیا) جس کو کافر مانتے نہ تھے اور ہم نے اس کو ایک عبرت بنا چھوڑا تو کوئی ہے کہ سوچے سمجھے؟ سو (دیکھ لو کہ) میرا عذاب اور ڈرانا کیسا ہوا؟
Sections:
The Day of Judgment is near. References to Prophet Noah, and to the tribe of ‘Ad,
References to the Thamud tribe, Prophet Lot and his people.
Pharaoh and his arrogance.
The opponents in Makkah are told whether they think they are better or more powerful than those nations.
The wrong doers did suffer the consequences of their evil deeds.
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Quran 53:19~26

Now, have you considered ˹the idols of˺ Lât and ’Uzza, and the third one, Manât, as well? Do you ˹prefer to˺ have sons while ˹you attribute˺ to Him daughters? Then this is ˹truly˺ a biased distribution! These ˹idols˺ are mere names that you and your forefathers have made up— a practice Allah has never authorized. They follow nothing but ˹inherited˺ assumptions and whatever ˹their˺ souls desire, although ˹true˺ guidance has already come to them from their Lord. Or should every person ˹simply˺ have whatever ˹intercessors˺ they desire? In fact, to Allah ˹alone˺ belongs this world and the next. ˹Imagine˺ how many ˹noble˺ angels are in the heavens! ˹Even˺ their intercession would be of no benefit whatsoever, until Allah gives permission to whoever He wills and ˹only for the people He˺ approves. Quran 53:19~26 Surah an-Najm (The Star)
This Surah takes its name from the first Ayat, وَالنَّجْمِ إِذَا هَوَىٰ “By the star when it descends,” (53:1).
There are 62 Ayat in this Surah.
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أَفَرَءَیۡتُمُ ٱللَّـٰتَ وَٱلۡعُزَّىٰ وَمَنَوٰةَ ٱلثَّالِثَةَ ٱلۡأُخۡرَىٰۤ أَلَكُمُ ٱلذَّكَرُ وَلَهُ ٱلۡأُنثَىٰ تِلۡكَ إِذࣰا قِسۡمَةࣱ ضِیزَىٰۤ إِنۡ هِیَ إِلَّاۤ أَسۡمَاۤءࣱ سَمَّیۡتُمُوهَاۤ أَنتُمۡ وَءَابَاۤؤُكُم مَّاۤ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ بِهَا مِن سُلۡطَـٰنٍۚ إِن یَتَّبِعُونَ إِلَّا ٱلظَّنَّ وَمَا تَهۡوَى ٱلۡأَنفُسُۖ وَلَقَدۡ جَاۤءَهُم مِّن رَّبِّهِمُ ٱلۡهُدَىٰۤ أَمۡ لِلۡإِنسَـٰنِ مَا تَمَنَّىٰ فَلِلَّهِ ٱلۡءَاخِرَةُ وَٱلۡأُولَىٰ ۞ وَكَم مِّن مَّلَكࣲ فِی ٱلسَّمَـٰوَ ٰتِ لَا تُغۡنِی شَفَـٰعَتُهُمۡ شَیۡءًا إِلَّا مِنۢ بَعۡدِ أَن یَأۡذَنَ ٱللَّهُ لِمَن یَشَاۤءُ وَیَرۡضَىٰۤ ‏
The Surah talks about the eminence of the Prophet (saw) with his Mi’raj and closeness to Allah. It warns the disbelievers about the errors of their attitude towards the Qur’an and the Prophet of Allah. Some of their wrong beliefs in the angels as daughters of God, intercession of the angels etc. are also mentioned.
بھلا تم لوگوں نے لات اور عزیٰ کو دیکھا اور تیسرے منات کو (کہ یہ بت کہیں خدا ہوسکتے ہیں) (مشرکو!) کیا تمہارے لئے تو بیٹے اور خدا کے لئے بیٹیاں یہ تقسیم تو بہت بےانصافی کی ہے وہ تو صرف نام ہی نام ہیں جو تم نے اور تمہارے باپ دادا نے گھڑ لئے ہیں۔ خدا نے تو ان کی کوئی سند نازل نہیں کی۔ یہ لوگ محض ظن (فاسد) اور خواہشات نفس کے پیچھے چل رہے ہیں۔ حالانکہ ان کے پروردگار کی طرف سے ان کے پاس ہدایت آچکی ہے کیا جس چیز کی انسان آرزو کرتا ہے وہ اسے ضرور ملتی ہے آخرت اور دنیا تو الله ہی کے ہاتھ میں ہے اور آسمانوں میں بہت سے فرشتے ہیں جن کی سفارش کچھ بھی فائدہ نہیں دیتی مگر اس وقت کہ خدا جس کے لئے چاہے اجازت بخشے اور (سفارش) پسند کرے
Sections:
The Mi’raj experience of the Prophet Muhammad (saw). Gods or goddesses of the non-believers are mere conjectures and names without any reality.
The angels are the servants of Allah. No intercession can work against Allah. Allah is most forgiving, but He requires righteousness.
Those who deny the truth they are standing against the power and majesty of Allah.
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Quran 57:12~15

On that Day you will see believing men and women with their light shining ahead of them and on their right. ˹They will be told,˺ “Today you have good news of Gardens, under which rivers flow, ˹for you˺ to stay in forever. This is ˹truly˺ the ultimate triumph.” On that Day hypocrite men and women will beg the believers, “Wait for us so that we may have some of your light.” It will be said ˹mockingly˺, “Go back ˹to the world˺ and seek a light ˹there˺!” Then a ˹separating˺ wall with a gate will be erected between them. On the near side will be grace and on the far side will be torment. Continued…
The tormented will cry out to those graced, “Were we not with you?” They will reply, “Yes ˹you were˺. But you chose to be tempted ˹by hypocrisy˺, ˹eagerly˺ awaited ˹our demise˺, doubted ˹the truth˺, and were deluded by false hopes until Allah’s decree ˹ of your death˺ came to pass. And ˹so˺ the Chief Deceiver deceived you about Allah. So Today no ransom will be accepted from you ˹hypocrites˺, nor from the disbelievers. Your home is the Fire— it is the ˹only˺ fitting place for you. What an evil destination!” Quran 57 :12 ~15 Surah al-Hadid (The Iron)
This Surah takes its name from the Ayat, وَأَنزَلْنَا الْحَدِيدَ فِيهِ بَأْسٌ شَدِيدٌ “…And We sent down iron, wherein is great military might …” (57:25).
There are 29 Ayat in this Surah.
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یَوۡمَ تَرَى ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِینَ وَٱلۡمُؤۡمِنَـٰتِ یَسۡعَىٰ نُورُهُم بَیۡنَ أَیۡدِیهِمۡ وَبِأَیۡمَـٰنِهِمۖ بُشۡرَىٰكُمُ ٱلۡیَوۡمَ جَنَّـٰتࣱ تَجۡرِی مِن تَحۡتِهَا ٱلۡأَنۡهَـٰرُ خَـٰلِدِینَ فِیهَاۚ ذَ ٰلِكَ هُوَ ٱلۡفَوۡزُ ٱلۡعَظِیمُ یَوۡمَ یَقُولُ ٱلۡمُنَـٰفِقُونَ وَٱلۡمُنَـٰفِقَـٰتُ لِلَّذِینَ ءَامَنُوا۟ ٱنظُرُونَا نَقۡتَبِسۡ مِن نُّورِكُمۡ قِیلَ ٱرۡجِعُوا۟ وَرَاۤءَكُمۡ فَٱلۡتَمِسُوا۟ نُورࣰاۖ فَضُرِبَ بَیۡنَهُم بِسُورࣲ لَّهُۥ بَابُۢ بَاطِنُهُۥ فِیهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَةُ وَظَـٰهِرُهُۥ مِن قِبَلِهِ ٱلۡعَذَابُ
یُنَادُونَهُمۡ أَلَمۡ نَكُن مَّعَكُمۡۖ قَالُوا۟ بَلَىٰ وَلَـٰكِنَّكُمۡ فَتَنتُمۡ أَنفُسَكُمۡ وَتَرَبَّصۡتُمۡ وَٱرۡتَبۡتُمۡ وَغَرَّتۡكُمُ ٱلۡأَمَانِیُّ حَتَّىٰ جَاۤءَ أَمۡرُ ٱللَّهِ وَغَرَّكُم بِٱللَّهِ ٱلۡغَرُورُ فَٱلۡیَوۡمَ لَا یُؤۡخَذُ مِنكُمۡ فِدۡیَةࣱ وَلَا مِنَ ٱلَّذِینَ كَفَرُوا۟ۚ مَأۡوَىٰكُمُ ٱلنَّارُۖ هِیَ مَوۡلَىٰكُمۡۖ وَبِئۡسَ ٱلۡمَصِیرُ
The theme of this Surah is to exhort the Muslims to spend in the cause of God. At the most critical juncture of the history of Islam when it was engaged in a life and death struggle against Arab paganism, this Surah was revealed to persuade the Muslim’s to make monetary sacrifices in particular, and to make them realise that Islam did not merely consist in verbal affirmation and some outward practices but its essence and spirit is sincerity towards God and His Religion. The faith of the one who was devoid of this spirit and who regarded his own self and wealth as dearer to himself than God and His Religion, was hollow and therefore of little worth in the sight of God. For this object, first the attributes of God Almighty have been mentioned so that the listeners may fully realize as to Who is addressing them.
اُس دن جبکہ تم مومن مردوں اور عورتوں کو دیکھو گے کہ ان کا نور اُن کے آگے آگے اور ان کے دائیں جانب دوڑ رہا ہوگا (ان سے کہا جائے گا کہ) "آج بشارت ہے تمہارے لیے" جنتیں ہونگی جن کے نیچے نہریں بہہ رہی ہونگی، جن میں وہ ہمیشہ رہیں گے یہی ہے بڑی کامیابی اُس روز منافق مردوں اور عورتوں کا حال یہ ہوگا کہ وہ مومنوں سے کہیں گے ذرا ہماری طرف دیکھو تاکہ ہم تمہارے نور سے کچھ فائدہ اٹھائیں، مگر ان سے کہا جائے گا پیچھے ہٹ جاؤ، اپنا نور کہیں اور تلاش کرو پھر ان کے درمیان ایک دیوار حائل کر دی جائے گی جس میں ایک دروازہ ہوگا اُس دروازے کے اندر رحمت ہوگی اور باہر عذاب
وہ مومنوں سے پکار پکار کر کہیں گے کیا ہم تمہارے ساتھ نہ تھے؟ مومن جواب دیں گے ہاں، مگر تم نے اپنے آپ کو خود فتنے میں ڈالا، موقع پرستی کی، شک میں پڑے رہے، اور جھوٹی توقعات تمہیں فریب دیتی رہیں، یہاں تک کہ اللہ کا فیصلہ آ گیا، اور آخر وقت تک وہ بڑا دھوکے باز تمہیں اللہ کے معاملہ میں دھوکا دیتا رہا لہٰذا آج نہ تم سے کوئی فدیہ قبول کیا جائے گا اور نہ اُن لوگوں سے جنہوں نے کھلا کھلا کفر کیا تھا تمہارا ٹھکانا جہنم ہے، وہی تمہاری خبر گیری کرنے والی ہے اور یہ بدترین انجام ہے
Sections:
All knowledge and authority belongs to God. Have faith in Allah’s power, make sacrifice and give charity for the cause of truth.
Light and Life are for the Believers. The disbelievers walk in darkness. Warning to those who refuse to acknowledge Allah. Sincere in faith are those who are willing to sacrifice and help the poor and needy..
The life of this world is temporary. Compete with each other in doing good things to receive the eternal reward from Allah. Prophets were sent to establish justice with authority.
References to Prophets Noah, Ibrahim, and Jesus -peace be upon them all. All Prophets preached same message, but some of their followers went into extremes. The Christians thus invented monasticism for themselves. It was not commanded by God. The Believers are asked to have faith and walk in the light of Allah. The final success belongs to the Believers.
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Quran 25:11~16

In fact, they deny the Hour. And for the deniers of the Hour, We have prepared a blazing Fire. Once it sees them from a distance, they will hear it fuming and growling. And when they are tossed into a narrow place inside ˹Hell˺, chained together, then and there they will cry out for ˹instant˺ destruction. ˹They will be told,˺ “Do not cry only once for destruction, but cry many times over!” continued…
Say, ˹O Prophet,˺ “Is this better or the Garden of Eternity which the righteous have been promised, as a reward and ˹an ultimate˺ destination? There they will have whatever they wish for, forever. That is a promise ˹to be sought after˺, binding on your Lord.” Quran 25:11~16, Surah al-Furqan (The Criterion)
Surah al-Furqan [The Criterion] takes its name from the first Ayat,
تَبَارَكَ الَّذِي نَزَّلَ الْفُرْقَانَ عَلَىٰ عَبْدِهِ
“Blessed is He who sent down the Criterion upon His Servant…” [25:1]
This Surah has 77 Ayat.
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بَلۡ كَذَّبُوا۟ بِٱلسَّاعَةِۖ وَأَعۡتَدۡنَا لِمَن كَذَّبَ بِٱلسَّاعَةِ سَعِیرًا إِذَا رَأَتۡهُم مِّن مَّكَانِۭ بَعِیدࣲ سَمِعُوا۟ لَهَا تَغَیُّظࣰا وَزَفِیرࣰا وَإِذَاۤ أُلۡقُوا۟ مِنۡهَا مَكَانࣰا ضَیِّقࣰا مُّقَرَّنِینَ دَعَوۡا۟ هُنَالِكَ ثُبُورࣰا لَّا تَدۡعُوا۟ ٱلۡیَوۡمَ ثُبُورࣰا وَ ٰحِدࣰا وَٱدۡعُوا۟ ثُبُورࣰا كَثِیرࣰا قُلۡ أَذَ ٰلِكَ خَیۡرٌ أَمۡ جَنَّةُ ٱلۡخُلۡدِ ٱلَّتِی وُعِدَ ٱلۡمُتَّقُونَۚ كَانَتۡ لَهُمۡ جَزَاۤءࣰ وَمَصِیرࣰا لَّهُمۡ فِیهَا مَا یَشَاۤءُونَ خَـٰلِدِینَۚ كَانَ عَلَىٰ رَبِّكَ وَعۡدࣰا مَّسۡءُولࣰا
The Surah answers some of the objections of the non-believers against the Qur’an and the teachings of Islam. It also presents the character of the Believers as criteria to prove the truth of Islam.
بلکہ یہ تو قیامت ہی کو جھٹلاتے ہیں اور ہم نے قیامت کے جھٹلانے والوں کے لئے دوزخ تیار کر رکھی ہے جس وقت وہ ان کو دور سے دیکھے گی (تو غضبناک ہو رہی ہوگی اور یہ) اس کے جوش (غضب) اور چیخنے چلانے کو سنیں گے اور جب یہ دوزخ کی کسی تنگ جگہ میں (زنجیروں میں) جکڑ کر ڈالے جائیں گے تو وہاں موت کو پکاریں گے آج ایک ہی موت کو نہ پکارو بہت سی موتوں کو پکارو
پوچھو کہ یہ بہتر ہے یا بہشت جاودانی جس کا پرہیزگاروں سے وعدہ ہے۔ یہ ان (کے عملوں) کا بدلہ اور رہنے کا ٹھکانہ ہوگا وہاں جو چاہیں گے ان کے لئے میسر ہوگا ہمیشہ اس میں رہیں گے۔ یہ وعدہ خدا کو (پورا کرنا) لازم ہے اور اس لائق ہے کہ مانگ لیا جائے
Sections:
Prophet Muhammad came as a Warner for the whole world. The evil of Shirk. The objections of those who denied the Prophet and his message.
The Punishment of those who deny Allah and His message.
Non-believers’ demand to see the angels or Allah. Non-believers say why the whole Qur’an was not sent down at once.
Examples of the people of Prophets Moses, Aaron, Noah and ‘Ad, Thamud and the People of al-Rass.
Examples from the natural world: shadows, night and day, winds of rain, oceans with two different types of waters, creation of human beings, creation of the heaven and earth in six days.
The character and qualities of the most faithful servants of Allah.