Quran 2:189 (Surah al-Baqarah)

They ask you ˹O Prophet˺ about the phases of the moon. Say, “They are a means for people to determine time and pilgrimage.” Righteousness is not in entering your houses from the back doors. Rather, righteousness is to be mindful ˹of Allah˺. So enter your homes through their ˹proper˺ doors, and be mindful of Allah so you may be successful.Quran 2:189Surah   al-Baqarah (The Cow)
The surah encompasses a variety of topics and contains several commands for Muslims such as enjoining fasting on the believer during the month of Ramadan; forbidding interest or usury (riba); and several famous verses such as The Throne Verse, Al-Baqara 256, and the final two or three verses.
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یَسۡءَلُونَكَ عَنِ ٱلۡأَهِلَّةِۖ 
قُلۡ هِیَ مَوَ ٰقِیتُ لِلنَّاسِ وَٱلۡحَجِّۗ 

وَلَیۡسَ ٱلۡبِرُّ بِأَن تَأۡتُوا۟ ٱلۡبُیُوتَ مِن ظُهُورِهَا وَلَـٰكِنَّ ٱلۡبِرَّ مَنِ ٱتَّقَىٰۗ 

وَأۡتُوا۟ ٱلۡبُیُوتَ مِنۡ أَبۡوَ ٰبِهَاۚ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُفۡلِحُونَ
The surah addresses a wide variety of topics, including substantial amounts of law, and retells stories of Adam, Ibrahim (Abraham) and Musa (Moses). A major theme is guidance: urging the pagans (Al-Mushrikeen) and the Jews of Medina to embrace Islam, and warning them and the hypocrites (Munafiqun) of the fate God had visited in the past on those who failed to heed his call.
لوگ تم سے چاند کی گھٹتی بڑھتی صورتوں کے متعلق پوچھتے ہیں 
کہو: 
یہ لوگوں کے لیے تاریخوں کی تعین کی اور حج کی علامتیں ہیں 

نیز ان سے کہو: 
یہ کوئی نیکی کا کام نہیں ہے کہ اپنے گھروں میں پیچھے کی طرف داخل ہوتے ہو 
نیکی تو اصل میں یہ ہے کہ 
آدمی اللہ کی ناراضی سے بچے

 لہٰذا تم اپنے گھروں میں 
دروازے ہی سے آیا کرو 

البتہ اللہ سے ڈرتے رہو 
شاید کہ تمہیں فلاح نصیب ہو جائے
Sections:
The Book of Guidance for those who want to be righteous. The difference between the believers and the non-believers.
The hypocrites: their sickness, mischief and self-deception.
Mankind, worship Allah alone. Make no partners in Allah’s divinity. The challenge of the Qur’an. This Book will guide many but many will remain in error. The character of those who shall remain in error.
The story of the creation of Adam. Allah’s plan and promise to send His guidance from time to time through His prophets.
Address to Bani Israel to accept this message. Allah’s covenant must be fulfilled.
Warnings to those who stray from the covenant of God. How some from among the Children of Israel turned away from God’s teachings.
God’s blessings on the Children of Israel and their transgressions.
The real recipients of Divine salvation. The hesitation of Bani Israel in sacrificing the cow.
Some perversions of those who were supposed to follow the law of God.
Basic principles of God’s Covenant with the Children of Israel.
Some of them were arrogant to follow the teachings of their prophets, some rejected the prophets or tried to kill them, some worshipped the calf, disobeyed God’s commands and became too greedy for the life of this world.
Opposition and enmity towards the Prophets, following devils and magic.
Reminders to the Believers to follow these examples. Stay firm on your principles. Some among the People of the Book will try to mislead you with false claims and assertions.
The true guidance of Allah is here. Read the Book of Allah and follow it.
The great example of Prophet Ibrahim. He and his son built the Ka’bah and prayed for a Prophet to come. Prophet Ibrahim –peace be upon him- submitted to Allah and this is the message that he and his sons gave to their progeny.
The change of Qiblah and the response of the hypocrites and fools. Those who have knowledge know that this is the true Qiblah of all the Prophets.
Follow this direction wherever you are. This is the universal Qiblah for all.
Believers will be tried but they should be firm and steadfast and must face the trials with patience and prayers.
Allah’s signs and His bounties are everywhere. The polytheists and idolaters are misplacing their loyalties.
Believers should eat good and permissible food and should never follow the steps of the devil.
The true piety and righteousness. Some rules related to the punishment of murderers. The rules of bequests.
Fasting and Ramadan: the objective of fasting and some rules.
Rules of Hajj, fighting those who expelled Muslims from their homes.
No fighting during Hajj, rather seek God’s bounty when you return from Hajj.
Appreciate God’s bounties. All human beings were originally one community. Divisions came later. Be generous and defend your self and your faith.
Some important questions answered: War in the sacred months, wine and gambling, charity, orphans’ money, divorced women and their situation.
The laws of divorce
Continuation of the laws of divorce.
Rules on the remarriage of the divorced women or the widowers.
Further rules of divorce
Fighting in the cause of God: Israelites
Under the leadership of Prophet David the victory came over the forces of Goliath.
Emphasis on charity. To Allah belong everything. His Throne extends to heaven and earth. No compulsion in religion. Allah brings out people from darkness unto light.
Allah’s power over life and death, some examples: Prophet Ibrahim’s dialogue with Namrood, a man in the valley of dead (probably Prophet Ezekiel’s vision of Jerusalem), Prophet Ibrahim asks Allah how will He raise the dead to life. Allah’s answer to Prophet Ibrahim.
Allah blesses charity: some examples of how Allah blesses charity
Emphasis on charity: spend good things, give openly and secretly to the poor and needy.
Prohibition of usuary (riba) and its bad effects on individuals and society
Some rules on loan transactions
Conclusion and prayer: Everything in the heaven and earth belong to Allah, the prayer of the believers.

Quran 57:16 (Ayah al-Hadid)

Has the time not yet come for believers’ hearts to be humbled at the remembrance of Allah and what has been revealed of the truth, and not be like those given the Scripture before—˹those˺ who were spoiled for so long that their hearts became hardened. And many of them are ˹still˺ rebellious.Quran 57 :16Surah   al-Hadid (The Iron)
This Surah takes its name from the Ayat, وَأَنزَلْنَا الْحَدِيدَ فِيهِ بَأْسٌ شَدِيدٌ “…And We sent down iron, wherein is great military might …” (57:25).
There are 29 Ayat in this Surah.
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۞ أَلَمۡ یَأۡنِ لِلَّذِینَ ءَامَنُوۤا۟ أَن تَخۡشَعَ قُلُوبُهُمۡ لِذِكۡرِ ٱللَّهِ وَمَا نَزَلَ مِنَ ٱلۡحَقِّ 
وَلَا یَكُونُوا۟ كَٱلَّذِینَ أُوتُوا۟ ٱلۡكِتَـٰبَ مِن قَبۡلُ فَطَالَ عَلَیۡهِمُ ٱلۡأَمَدُ فَقَسَتۡ قُلُوبُهُمۡۖ وَكَثِیرࣱ مِّنۡهُمۡ فَـٰسِقُونَ
The theme of this Surah is to exhort the Muslims to spend in the cause of God. At the most critical juncture of the history of Islam when it was engaged in a life and death struggle against Arab paganism, this Surah was revealed to persuade the Muslim’s to make monetary sacrifices in particular, and to make them realise that Islam did not merely consist in verbal affirmation and some outward practices but its essence and spirit is sincerity towards God and His Religion. The faith of the one who was devoid of this spirit and who regarded his own self and wealth as dearer to himself than God and His Religion, was hollow and therefore of little worth in the sight of God. For this object, first the attributes of God Almighty have been mentioned so that the listeners may fully realize as to Who is addressing them.
کیا ایمان لانے والوں کے لیے ابھی وہ وقت نہیں آیا کہ اُن کے دل اللہ کے ذکر سے پگھلیں اور اُس کے نازل کردہ حق کے آگے جھکیں

اور وہ اُن لوگوں کی طرح 
نہ ہو جائیں جنہیں پہلے کتاب دی گئی تھی، 
پھر ایک لمبی مدت اُن 
پر گزر گئی تو 
ان کے دل سخت ہو گئے 
اور آج ان میں سے 
اکثر فاسق بنے ہوئے ہیں؟
Sections:
All knowledge and authority belongs to God. Have faith in Allah’s power, make sacrifice and give charity for the cause of truth.
Light and Life are for the Believers. The disbelievers walk in darkness. Warning to those who refuse to acknowledge Allah. Sincere in faith are those who are willing to sacrifice and help the poor and needy..
The life of this world is temporary. Compete with each other in doing good things to receive the eternal reward from Allah. Prophets were sent to establish justice with authority.
References to Prophets Noah, Ibrahim, and Jesus -peace be upon them all. All Prophets preached same message, but some of their followers went into extremes. The Christians thus invented monasticism for themselves. It was not commanded by God. The Believers are asked to have faith and walk in the light of Allah. The final success belongs to the Believers.

Quran 79:42~46

They ask you ˹O Prophet˺ regarding the Hour, “When will it be?”But it is not for you to tell its time.That knowledge rests with your Lord ˹alone˺.Your duty is only to warn whoever is in awe of it.On the Day they see it, It will be as if they had stayed ˹in the world˺ no more than one evening or its morning.Quran 79:42~46Surah  an-Nazi`at (Soul-snatchers)
An-Nāziʻāt (Arabic: النازعات, “Those Who Pull Out”, in reference to “the angels who tear out the souls of the wicked”) is the seventy-ninth surah of the Qur’an, with 46 ayat.
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یَسۡءَلُونَكَ عَنِ ٱلسَّاعَةِ 
أَیَّانَ مُرۡسَىٰهَا

فِیمَ أَنتَ مِن ذِكۡرَىٰهَاۤ

إِلَىٰ رَبِّكَ مُنتَهَىٰهَاۤ

إِنَّمَاۤ أَنتَ مُنذِرُ مَن یَخۡشَىٰهَا

كَأَنَّهُمۡ یَوۡمَ یَرَوۡنَهَا

لَمۡ یَلۡبَثُوۤا۟ 
إِلَّا عَشِیَّةً أَوۡ ضُحَىٰهَا
Its name derived from the word wan-nazi‘at with which it opens. The root (n-z-‘) roughly means “to yank out with great force”, although it can also mean “to yearn for” or “to yearn after”
(اے پیغمبر، لوگ) آپ سے 
قیامت کے بارے میں پوچھتے ہیں کہ اس کا وقوع کب ہو گا؟ 

آپ کو 
اس کےذکر سے کیا واسطہ

اس کے علم کی انتہا 
آپ کے رب ہی کی طرف ہے

بے شک آپ تو صرف 
اس کو ڈرانے والے ہیں 
جو اس سے ڈرتا ہے

جب وہ اس کو دیکھیں گے 
(تو ایسا خیال کریں گے) 
کہ گویا (دنیا میں صرف) 
ایک شام یا صبح رہے تھے
It speaks about Allah’s angels who take the souls at the time of death.
As Allah has power to take away the souls, as He has created the whole universe, He also has the power to resurrect people after their death.
The story of Prophet Moses and Pharaoh is mentioned to warn the people about the consequences of arrogant pride which leads to the denial of the truth.

Quran 10:5

English:‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‏‏He is the One Who made the sun a radiant source and the moon a reflected light, with precisely ordained phases, so that you may know the number of years and calculation ˹of time˺.Allah did not create all this except for a purpose. He makes the signs clear for people of knowledge.Quran 10:5    Surah Yunus (Jonah)
The surah is named after the Prophet Yunus [Jonah] and this is the only surah of the Qur’an to mention the ‘people of Yunus’ –
“Then has there not been a [single] city that believed so its faith benefited it except the people of Jonah?
When they believed, We removed from them the punishment of disgrace in worldly life and gave them enjoyment for a time” (10:98)
There are 109 Ayat in this Surah.
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هُوَ ٱلَّذِی جَعَلَ 
ٱلشَّمۡسَ ضِیَاۤءࣰ 
وَٱلۡقَمَرَ نُورࣰا 
وَقَدَّرَهُۥ مَنَازِلَ لِتَعۡلَمُوا۟ عَدَدَ ٱلسِّنِینَ وَٱلۡحِسَابَۚ 
مَا خَلَقَ ٱللَّهُ ذَ ٰلِكَ إِلَّا بِٱلۡحَقِّۚ یُفَصِّلُ ٱلۡءَایَـٰتِ لِقَوۡمࣲ یَعۡلَمُونَ
The main subject of this Surah is faith in Allah and belief in the Hereafter.
Those who have true faith, they worship Allah and recognize Him as their Lord and Master and live their lives in accordance to His command.
Allah sent His Messengers to remind people and to warn them.
The stories of Prophets Noah and Prophet Moses with Pharaoh are told to remind people about the consequences of unfaithfulness and arrogance.
Sections:
The Qur’an is the Book of wisdom, it contains signs from the All Wise.
Man’s ingratitude to Allah and His revelation.
Allah’s mercy to His creation. Allah invites to the abode of peace.
Allah’s gifts. The Qur’an is from Allah. Bring a Surah like the Qur’an if you can.
Those who disbelieve in the Qur’an shall be the losers. Every people were sent a Messenger.
The Qur’an is a mercy, blessing and a cure for the problems of humankind.
Whatever you do Allah is a Witness. The mistakes of the Mushrikin.
The story of Prophet Noah and his people. Prophet Moses and Aaron -peace be upon them all.
Allah delivered the Children of Israel from the bondage of the Pharaoh.
Allah’s mercy for the Children of Israel. Prophet Yunus and his people.
If Allah afflicts you with any loss or wants to bestow any profit on you, none can avert it. You must always follow Allah’s guidance.

Quran 29:5~7

Whoever hopes for the meeting with Allah, ˹let them know that˺ Allah’s appointed time is sure to come. He is the All-Hearing, All-Knowing.And whoever strives ˹in Allah’s cause˺, only does so for their own good. Surely Allah is not in need of ˹any of˺ His creation.As for those who believe and do good, We will certainly absolve them of their sins, and reward them according to the best of what they used to do.Quran 29:5~7  (Surah al-’Ankabut)
The Spider (Arabic: العنكبوت, al-‘ankabūt) is the 29th chapter (surah) of the Quran with 69 verses (āyāt).
Al-Ankabut [The Spider] is mentioned in Ayat [29:41].
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مَن كَانَ یَرۡجُوا۟ لِقَاۤءَ ٱللَّهِ فَإِنَّ أَجَلَ ٱللَّهِ لَءَاتࣲۚ 
وَهُوَ ٱلسَّمِیعُ ٱلۡعَلِیمُ

وَمَن جَـٰهَدَ فَإِنَّمَا یُجَـٰهِدُ لِنَفۡسِهِۦۤۚ
إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَغَنِیٌّ عَنِ ٱلۡعَـٰلَمِینَ

وَٱلَّذِینَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّـٰلِحَـٰتِ لَنُكَفِّرَنَّ عَنۡهُمۡ سَیِّءَاتِهِمۡ وَلَنَجۡزِیَنَّهُمۡ 
أَحۡسَنَ ٱلَّذِی كَانُوا۟ یَعۡمَلُونَ
This Surah reminds the Believers to be strong in their faith and not to give up their faith because of hardship or family pressures. Stories of previous Prophets and their followers are also mentioned here to show that the path of truth is not an easy path. It has trials and hardships.
جو کوئی اللہ سے ملنے کی توقع رکھتا ہو (اُسے معلوم ہونا چاہیے کہ) اللہ کا مقرر کیا ہوا وقت 
آنے ہی والا ہے، 
اور اللہ سب کچھ سُنتا اور جانتا ہے 

جو شخص بھی مجاہدہ کریگا 
اپنے ہی بھلے کے لیے کرے گا، 
اللہ یقیناً دنیا جہان والوں سے 
بے نیاز ہے 

اور جو لوگ ایمان لائیں گے 
اور نیک اعمال کریں گے 
اُن کی برائیاں 
ہم ان سے دُور کر دیں گے 
اور انہیں اُن کے بہترین اعمال کی جزا دیں گے
Sections:
Tests and trials are part of faith.
Examples of Prophets Noah and Ibrahim – peace be upon them.
Example of Prophet Lot – peace be upon him.
Example of Prophet Shu’aib. References to the people of ‘Ad, Thamud, Qarun and Pharaoh. Message of Prophet Moses – peace be upon him. Spider web of Shirk.
Give the message of Allah in the best way.
Warnings to the non-believers.
The truth will succeed. Allah guides the steps of those who follow the right path.