15 Mar, 2024
Quran 2:183~185
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O believers! Fasting is prescribed for you— as it was for those before you— so perhaps you will become mindful ˹of Allah˺. ˹Fast a˺ prescribed number of days. But whoever of you is ill or on a journey, then ˹let them fast˺ an equal number of days ˹after Ramaḍân˺. For those who can only fast with extreme difficulty, compensation can be made by feeding a needy person ˹for every day not fasted˺. But whoever volunteers to give more, it is better for them. And to fast is better for you, if only you knew. Continued…
Al-Baqara, alternatively transliterated Al-Baqarah (Arabic: البقرة, ’al-baqarah; lit. “The Heifer” or “The Cow”), is the second and longest chapter (surah) of the Quran. It consists of 286 verses (āyāts)
Ramaḍân is the month in which the Quran was revealed as a guide for humanity with clear proofs of guidance and the standard ˹to distinguish between right and wrong˺. So whoever is present this month, let them fast. But whoever is ill or on a journey, then ˹let them fast˺ an equal number of days ˹after Ramaḍân˺. Allah intends ease for you, not hardship, so that you may complete the prescribed period and proclaim the greatness of Allah for guiding you, and perhaps you will be grateful. Quran 2:183~185 (Surah al-Baqarah (The Cow) )
The surah encompasses a variety of topics and contains several commands for Muslims such as enjoining fasting on the believer during the month of Ramadan; forbidding interest or usury (riba); and several famous verses such as The Throne Verse, Al-Baqara 256, and the final two or three verses.
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یَـٰۤأَیُّهَا ٱلَّذِینَ ءَامَنُوا۟ كُتِبَ عَلَیۡكُمُ ٱلصِّیَامُ كَمَا كُتِبَ عَلَى ٱلَّذِینَ مِن قَبۡلِكُمۡ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَتَّقُونَ أَیَّامࣰا مَّعۡدُودَ ٰتࣲۚ فَمَن كَانَ مِنكُم مَّرِیضًا أَوۡ عَلَىٰ سَفَرࣲ فَعِدَّةࣱ مِّنۡ أَیَّامٍ أُخَرَۚ وَعَلَى ٱلَّذِینَ یُطِیقُونَهُۥ فِدۡیَةࣱ طَعَامُ مِسۡكِینࣲۖ فَمَن تَطَوَّعَ خَیۡرࣰا فَهُوَ خَیۡرࣱ لَّهُۥۚ وَأَن تَصُومُوا۟ خَیۡرࣱ لَّكُمۡ إِن كُنتُمۡ تَعۡلَمُونَ شَهۡرُ رَمَضَانَ ٱلَّذِیۤ أُنزِلَ فِیهِ ٱلۡقُرۡءَانُ هُدࣰى لِّلنَّاسِ وَبَیِّنَـٰتࣲ مِّنَ ٱلۡهُدَىٰ وَٱلۡفُرۡقَانِۚ فَمَن شَهِدَ مِنكُمُ ٱلشَّهۡرَ فَلۡیَصُمۡهُۖ وَمَن كَانَ مَرِیضًا أَوۡ عَلَىٰ سَفَرࣲ فَعِدَّةࣱ مِّنۡ أَیَّامٍ أُخَرَۗ یُرِیدُ ٱللَّهُ بِكُمُ ٱلۡیُسۡرَ وَلَا یُرِیدُ بِكُمُ ٱلۡعُسۡرَ وَلِتُكۡمِلُوا۟ ٱلۡعِدَّةَ وَلِتُكَبِّرُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ عَلَىٰ مَا هَدَىٰكُمۡ وَلَعَلَّكُمۡ تَشۡكُرُونَ
The surah addresses a wide variety of topics, including substantial amounts of law, and retells stories of Adam, Ibrahim (Abraham) and Musa (Moses). A major theme is guidance: urging the pagans (Al-Mushrikeen) and the Jews of Medina to embrace Islam, and warning them and the hypocrites (Munafiqun) of the fate God had visited in the past on those who failed to heed his call.
اے لوگو جو ایمان لائے ہو، تم پر روزے فرض کر دیے گئے، جس طرح تم سے پہلے انبیا کے پیروؤں پر فرض کیے گئے تھے اس سے توقع ہے کہ تم میں تقویٰ کی صفت پیدا ہوگی چند مقرر دنوں کے روزے ہیں اگر تم میں سے کوئی بیمار ہو، یا سفر پر ہو تو دوسرے دنوں میں اتنی ہی تعداد پوری کر لے اور جو لوگ روزہ رکھنے کی قدرت رکھتے ہوں (پھر نہ رکھیں) تو وہ فدیہ دیں ایک روزے کا فدیہ ایک مسکین کو کھانا کھلانا ہے اور جو اپنی خوشی سے کچھ زیادہ بھلائی کرے تو یہ اسی کے لیے بہتر ہے لیکن اگر تم سمجھو، تو تمہارے حق میں اچھا یہی ہے کہ روزہ رکھو
Sections:
The Book of Guidance for those who want to be righteous. The difference between the believers and the non-believers.
The hypocrites: their sickness, mischief and self-deception.
Mankind, worship Allah alone. Make no partners in Allah’s divinity. The challenge of the Qur’an. This Book will guide many but many will remain in error. The character of those who shall remain in error.
The story of the creation of Adam. Allah’s plan and promise to send His guidance from time to time through His prophets.
Address to Bani Israel to accept this message. Allah’s covenant must be fulfilled.
Warnings to those who stray from the covenant of God. How some from among the Children of Israel turned away from God’s teachings.
God’s blessings on the Children of Israel and their transgressions.
The real recipients of Divine salvation. The hesitation of Bani Israel in sacrificing the cow.
Some perversions of those who were supposed to follow the law of God.
Basic principles of God’s Covenant with the Children of Israel.
Some of them were arrogant to follow the teachings of their prophets, some rejected the prophets or tried to kill them, some worshipped the calf, disobeyed God’s commands and became too greedy for the life of this world.
Opposition and enmity towards the Prophets, following devils and magic.
Reminders to the Believers to follow these examples. Stay firm on your principles. Some among the People of the Book will try to mislead you with false claims and assertions.
The true guidance of Allah is here. Read the Book of Allah and follow it.
The great example of Prophet Ibrahim. He and his son built the Ka’bah and prayed for a Prophet to come.
رمضان وہ مہینہ ہے، جس میں قرآن نازل کیا گیا جو انسانوں کے لیے سراسر ہدایت ہے اور ایسی واضح تعلیمات پر مشتمل ہے، جو راہ راست دکھانے والی اور حق و باطل کا فرق کھول کر رکھ دینے والی ہیں لہٰذا اب سے جو شخص اس مہینے کو پائے، اُس کو لازم ہے کہ اِس پورے مہینے کے روزے رکھے اور جو کوئی مریض ہو یا سفر پر ہو، تو وہ دوسرے دنوں میں روزوں کی تعداد پوری کرے اللہ تمہارے ساتھ نرمی کرنا چاہتا ہے، سختی کرنا نہیں چاہتا اس لیے یہ طریقہ تمہیں بتایا جا رہا ہے تاکہ تم روزوں کی تعداد پوری کرسکو اور جس ہدایت سے اللہ نے تمہیں سرفراز کیا ہے، اُس پر اللہ کی کبریا ئی کا اظہار و اعتراف کرو اور شکر گزار بنو
Prophet Ibrahim –peace be upon him- submitted to Allah and this is the message that he and his sons gave to their progeny.
The change of Qiblah and the response of the hypocrites and fools. Those who have knowledge know that this is the true Qiblah of all the Prophets.
Follow this direction wherever you are. This is the universal Qiblah for all.
Believers will be tried but they should be firm and steadfast and must face the trials with patience and prayers.
Allah’s signs and His bounties are everywhere. The polytheists and idolaters are misplacing their loyalties.
Believers should eat good and permissible food and should never follow the steps of the devil.
The true piety and righteousness. Some rules related to the punishment of murderers. The rules of bequests.
Fasting and Ramadan: the objective of fasting and some rules.
Rules of Hajj, fighting those who expelled Muslims from their homes.
No fighting during Hajj, rather seek God’s bounty when you return from Hajj.
Appreciate God’s bounties. All human beings were originally one community. Divisions came later. Be generous and defend your self and your faith.
Some important questions answered: War in the sacred months, wine and gambling, charity, orphans’ money, divorced women and their situation.
The laws of divorce
Continuation of the laws of divorce.
Rules on the remarriage of the divorced women or the widowers.
Further rules of divorce
Fighting in the cause of God: Israelites
Under the leadership of Prophet David the victory came over the forces of Goliath.
Emphasis on charity. To Allah belong everything. His Throne extends to heaven and earth. No compulsion in religion. Allah brings out people from darkness unto light.
Allah’s power over life and death, some examples: Prophet Ibrahim’s dialogue with Namrood, a man in the valley of dead (probably Prophet Ezekiel’s vision of Jerusalem), Prophet Ibrahim asks Allah how will He raise the dead to life. Allah’s answer to Prophet Ibrahim.
Allah blesses charity: some examples of how Allah blesses charity
Emphasis on charity: spend good things, give openly and secretly to the poor and needy.
Prohibition of usuary (riba) and its bad effects on individuals and society
Some rules on loan transactions
Conclusion and prayer: Everything in the heaven and earth belong to Allah, the prayer of the believers.