10 Apr, 2023
Quran 83:13~21
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Whenever Our revelations are recited to them, they say, “Ancient fables !” But no ! In fact, their hearts have been stained by all ˹the evil˺ they used to commit ! Undoubtedly, they will be sealed off from their Lord on that Day. Moreover, they will surely burn in Hell, and then be told, “This is what you used to deny.” But no ! The virtuous are certainly bound for ’Illiyûn ˹in elevated Gardens˺— and what will make you realize what ’Illiyûn is?— a fate ˹already˺ sealed, witnessed by those nearest ˹to Allah˺. Quran 83:13~21
The Surah takes its name from the first Ayat, وَيْلٌ لِّلْمُطَفِّفِينَ “Woe to those who give less [than due],” [83:1].
The word mutafif (who gives less) is unique to this Surah and not mentioned elsewhere in the Qur’an.
There are 36 Ayat in this Surah.
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إِذَا تُتۡلَىٰ عَلَیۡهِ ءَایَـٰتُنَا قَالَ أَسَـٰطِیرُ ٱلۡأَوَّلِینَ كَلَّاۖ بَلۡۜ رَانَ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِم مَّا كَانُوا۟ یَكۡسِبُونَ كَلَّاۤ إِنَّهُمۡ عَن رَّبِّهِمۡ یَوۡمَىِٕذࣲ لَّمَحۡجُوبُونَ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُمۡ لَصَالُوا۟ ٱلۡجَحِیمِ ثُمَّ یُقَالُ هَـٰذَا ٱلَّذِی كُنتُم بِهِۦ تُكَذِّبُونَ كَلَّاۤ إِنَّ كِتَـٰبَ ٱلۡأَبۡرَارِ لَفِی عِلِّیِّینَ وَمَاۤ أَدۡرَىٰكَ مَا عِلِّیُّونَ كِتَـٰبࣱ مَّرۡقُومࣱ یَشۡهَدُهُ ٱلۡمُقَرَّبُونَ
The Surah warns those who commit fraud in business.
It reminds about honest dealings. The righteous will prosper.
Allah has the record of every person.
سورة المطفّفِین جب اس کو ہماری آیتیں سنائی جاتی ہیں تو کہتا ہے کہ یہ تو اگلے لوگوں کے افسانے ہیں دیکھو یہ جو (اعمال بد) کرتے ہیں ان کا ان کے دلوں پر زنگ بیٹھ گیا ہے بےشک یہ لوگ اس روز اپنے پروردگار (کے دیدار) سے اوٹ میں ہوں گے پھر دوزخ میں جا داخل ہوں گے پھر ان سے کہا جائے گا کہ یہ وہی چیز ہے جس کو تم جھٹلاتے تھے (یہ بھی) سن رکھو کہ نیکوکاروں کے اعمال علیین میں ہیں اور تم کو کیا معلوم کہ علیین کیا چیز ہے؟ ایک دفتر ہے لکھا ہوا جس کے پاس مقرب (فرشتے) حاضر رہتے ہیں
The theme of this Surah too is the Hereafter. In the first six verses the people have been taken to task for the prevalent evil practice in their commercial dealings. When they had to receive their due from others, they demanded that it be given in full, but when they had to measure or weigh for others, they would give less than what was due. Taking this one evil as an example out of countless evils prevalent in society, it has been said that it is an inevitable result of the heedlessness of the Hereafter. Unless the people realised that one day they would have to appear before God and account for each single act they performed in the world, it was not possible that they would adopt piety and righteousness in their daily affairs. Even if a person might practice honesty in some of his less important dealings in view of “honesty is the best policy,” he would never practice honesty on occasions when dishonesty would seem to be “the best policy.” Man can develop true and enduring honesty only when he fears God and sincerely believes in the Hereafter, for then he would regard honesty not merely as “a policy” but as “a duty” and obligation, and his being constant in it, or otherwise, would not be dependent on its being useful or useless in the world.
Thus, after making explicit the relation between morality and the doctrine of the Hereafter in an effective and impressive way, in v. 7-17, it has been said: The deeds of the wicked are already being recorded in the black list of the culprits, and in the Hereafter they will meet with utter ruin. Then in v. 18-28, the best end of the virtuous has been described and it has been laid that their deeds are being recorded in the list of the exalted people, on which are appointed the angels nearest to God. In conclusion, the believers have been consoled and the disbelievers warned, as if to say: “The people who are disgracing and humiliating the believers today, are culprits who, on the Resurrection Day, will meet with a most evil end in consequence of their conduct and these very believers will feel comforted when they see their fate.”